Managing in a global economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Overseeing in a worldwide economy - Essay Example The confections incorporate an assortment of sweets and chocolate bunches, caramels, creams, truffles and shaped chocolate bars. Singular establishment stores make an assortment of caramel and apple confections, fudge, chocolate things and other arranged confections. The organization needs to open an establishment store in Singapore. This paper looks to build up a hierarchical structure, money related examination and human asset rehearses that will guarantee achievement of the establishment in the new area. Utilitarian power authoritative structure will be utilized for the Singapore establishment. The structure is favored in light of the fact that it is basic and unmistakably characterizes jobs and elements of every office. The chain of importance of power and channels of correspondence are very much characterized to encourage smooth tasks and dispose of any disarray. A basic hierarchical structure is suitable for the new business since it chops down organization expenses and increment effectiveness, which is significantly required for the establishment to make back the initial investment and become gainful. The activity positions for this structure incorporate line positions and staff positions (Milgrom and Roberts, 2013). Line positions are answerable for the achievement of the company’s objectives and destinations. The staff positions give aptitude, counsel, and backing for the line positions. The line officials/supervisors have line/direct position that they exercise to accom plish hierarchical objectives. The staff officials/supervisors have utilitarian power to counsel line officials and direct their work. Related employments are consolidated to frame a practical unit. For instance, the chocolate and candy items are set in various divisions. Inside these offices, there are sub-divisions that have practical experience in various exercises, for example, blending the plans and including various flavors for example caramel office is unique in relation to sub-division that makes fudge or truffles. Useful departmentalization disentangles the tasks and makes it conceivable to

Goya foods Essay

Begun in 1936, Goya food is progressively popular in the American market where it has focused on the differing Hispanic market the in the new markets it is focusing on. With its base camp in Secaucus, New Jersey the organization bargains in canned nourishments and other food items, for example, squeeze and cooking oil. A portion of the significant brand names in the market are additional virgin oil, Paela, Adobo and a grouping of planned plans and blends for the market. These items are spread out in four significant ventures †¢ Bakeries †¢ Beverage fabricate and packaging †¢ Coffee and tea fabricating Fruit and vegetable preparing †¢ Meat and food items handling †¢ Cereals and different nourishments preparing Conrad Colon, the group’s advertising executive says that the thought behind their vesting into various food items, for example, beans and rice is to change normal items to Goya specials (Luther, 2008, pp 69). Positioned number 366 in the Forbes magazine biggest privately owned businesses the organization has indicated that it is on its way from climbing structure the little endeavors classification to one of the main 20 multinationals. The firma has developed after some time in size and structure. Right now the organization is utilizing its accomplishment in the American and South American market as an inspiration to dispatch its items in the Asian market, for example, Singapore and Taiwan, Malaysia and Hong Kong also called the Asian tiger economies. These economies are presently encountering extremely high financial development. Customer spending is on the ascent as the government assistance of the general public improves (Thang, 2008, pp 28). Serious investigation Goya Foods is to enter the market at the stature of its prosperity as a brand offering something more than the normal. Its image is equivalent with innovativeness in plans (Luther, 2008, pp 67). Likewise, Luther (2008 says that the organization has changed canned beans to more than canned beans to Goya beans. He takes note of this is the idea that the organization is enjoying some real success on: brand ID with quality and client unwaveringness. Goya Foods, which had incomes of $713 million a year ago, has gotten interchangeable with Hispanic bundled results of each influence. He refers to the situation where retail outlets and markets have changed structure naming Hispanic food paths as so to Goya nourishments. This is against the conventional naming frameworks where passageways are marked as â€Å"Asian foods†. Of this, Conrad says â€Å"We have been selling our items for a long time, with the goal that a portion of our items, similar to our dark beans, organic product nectars and olives, have become some portion of the culture†. The organization has responded this grasp with acknowledgment of Hispanic culture, for example, praising the Puerto Rican Day Parade in New York. Publicizing and advancement is done both in English and Spanish even in their sites (Telvin, 2006 pp110) Proceeding onward to the socially rich market could then be a defining moment for the organization and the market if the section to the market is well planned and the planning is right. This gives the organization an upper hand in that the business sectors in Asia have customarily been formed by the Asian culture. Making a move into the market would appear to pundits as â€Å"banging your head on a divider. † This is all the more so in light of the fact that China has overwhelmed the handled nourishments advertise in China and has figure out how to enter the US and European market. The quality of this development in the market for Chinese items is pegged on low evaluating other than brand name and quality. Be that as it may, Colon considers this to be a glorious chance to rock the boat and present another culture in the market. He accepts that the equivalent social experimentation that has occurred in the US can be repeated in Asia utilizing the correct promoting methodologies. He says their quality lies in the distinguishing proof of the company’s brand name with Hispanic culture which is significant in focusing on the socially bold market in that locale. In this way, Goya’s passage into the Asian market can be seen as a social fare structure the Hispanic world. Telvin (2006, pp112) sees that the 2005 gift by Goya nourishments to wave casualties in South East Asia as pursuing methodology in the area before the advertiser causes a to hide into the market. Goya Foods perceives their significant rivals in the American market are Del Monte, Can Agra and Kraft nourishments as appeared in the company’s site. Del Monte is perhaps the biggest contender with a worldwide nearness very much spoke to in Asia by its Del Monte Pacific branch. The development of this Pacific branch serving the Asian and American market has been encountering twofold digits development since the turn of the thousand years. Previous Chairman of Del Monte Pacific, Tony Chew says that the company’s 100 or more years nearness in the business has made solid brand name for the organization whose local head advertiser ascribes to â€Å"leveraging our qualities underway, showcasing, and appropriation, and growing our business through synergistic partnerships or key acquisitions† One of the reconciliation coalitions are with the Cadbury Schweppes in US, Nabisco in Canada and Seven-up. Such coalitions joined with an accomplished administration, solid money related base from investors and a long history has added to the company’s naming as â€Å"one of Asia’s most elevated worth creators† This has made a sort of market passage obstruction in the market with a great deal of client dedication and vital unions framing the base of the boundaries. Industry gauge The pastry kitchens industry as on of the extremely serious market is required to develop by 5% in 2009. This is a critical ascent after the reduction in purchaser going through hurt the market with evaluated development for 2008 just expected to be 2% in the American market. The development will consistent up to around 4% in the following four years according to showcase expectations. Colon traits their proceeded with development and strength in the Hispanic American market to â€Å"knowing the Hispanic market better than any competitor† through statistical surveying. Given that there exist a large number of chances in a nation like Malaysia, great statistical surveying in the nation ought to be relied upon to yield great outcomes. As indicated by an industry report on the status of the handled food industry in Malaysia the business has a great deal of chances short recorded as flour based items, for example, pasta, scones, pre-blends, solidified cakes and chocolate dessert shop †¢ oat based items, for example, breakfast grains, muesli and moved oats †¢ unadulterated organic product juices, squeezed orange concentrates, solidified vegetables, eatable nuts and canned natural product †¢ toppings, flavoring and sauces †¢ wholesome snacks, for example, organic product rolls and yogurt bars †¢ wellbeing nourishments and bars †¢ halal-prepared meat, for example, corned hamburger CanAgra as a contender to Goya bargains in brands, for example, Rosarita, Blue cap and Gilroys nourishments is as of now making a progressive exit from the Asian market following quite a while of frustrating deals by cutting activities. With an additional room made by CanAgra, Goya can enter the creation to have a portion of the benefits. Canned, solidified food handling industry is encountering acceptable development regardless of the fall in this year’s buyer spending which has harmed deals over all enterprises. This industry is required to enlist an augmentation of 1% to 5% from last year’s and keep up the equivalent in 2009. Resulting years are assessed to see the business fall back to 4%. This expansion in development is generally attached to increment in populace. Moreover, India’s prepared food industry is developing at a normal of 12% every year. Such open doors exist for organizations, for example, Goya to utilize by wandering into the market. Goya’s item technique Recognition of culture as the principle selling half quart by the organization has been placed into full use through market division by culture. Goya perceives that dietary patterns from one social gathering to different changes a great deal. Along these lines the organization has understood the need to fulfill all business sectors by fragmenting the specialty markets and creating explicit items for that showcase. As per a connection in the company’s site http://www. goya. com/english/plans/recipe_category. html? id=6 the business sectors are isolated into four significant classifications. These are Mexico, Central and South America, Spanish and the Caribbean. In each market there are different items in type of plans that are remarkable to that showcase as it were. In any case, the part of social trades allows assortment in that social experimentation through Goya items is encouraged. The organization has deliberately utilized limited time and showcasing efforts that are very much pitched. Partnerships with conventional general stores and enormous retail outlets have helped in item arrangement as a type of promoting. Also, the way that Hispanic nourishments are generally being named Goya is functioning admirably for the company’s arrangement. Be that as it may, the equivalent naming can prompt loss of market. Low quality items implied for the Hispanic market can be seen by the market as having a place with Goya which isn't the situation and henceforth the organization loses client dependability based on low quality items. This would d be against the company’s motto: If it’s Goya, it must be acceptable. Productivity and spending examination Increased item costs and diminished purchaser sending has for the better of this current year demonstrated hazardous to advertisers. In an offer to stay above water, Goya and her other industry rivals had to build their costs. Subsequently, as Kraft nourishments conceded their expansion in benefits this year was incompletely because of a 7% increment in the costs of their items. Once more, passing by a similar contention, the objective of Goya hitting the $1 billion imprint this year in deals is unquestionably going to be a reality (Thang, 2008, pg 27). Del Monte as the other contender has likewise detailed benefits at 11.

Sample College Essay Help - How to Sell Your Essay

Sample College Essay Help - How to Sell Your EssayCollege essay help is available through several sources and online, so you may be wondering where to find good samples about yourself that other students can use as inspiration. You need to understand that there are many writers who will work hard to sell you on their own ideas, and in order to be successful in this process you need to bring your own unique and compelling voice to the table.In order to find good samples about yourself, firstly you need to take a look at your life. Write down everything you think about yourself that doesn't fit within the normal box of what's good about you and what isn't. In this way you will see your unique perspective reflected in your thoughts and see yourself from a completely different perspective.It is important to also remember that what's good about you is always going to be a reflection of the things that are good about yourself and what's not. What is good about you does not include the thin gs that are bad or that make you unhappy. Once you understand this concept, then you will understand how to sell samples about yourself effectively.A few examples of good samples about yourself can include quotes from the places where you have traveled, recent photographs, or even a piece of artwork that you produced. All of these items can serve as great samples for college essay help, and they all provide you with something to work with. All of them should be taken and turned into a write up that will help you sell your thoughts to the rest of the class.There are plenty of ways that you can turn those pictures and quotes into something that you can use in your essay, but there are two things that will stand out above the rest. These two things are either a photograph or a quote from another source.Photographs can serve as great samples of writing skills because the caption can be able to show your creativity and how well you can compose it. If you use a photograph to connect to th e questions you're addressing, then you will be able to use words to support the information you're presenting.The second thing that is used in college essay help is a quote. You may need to work with an actual person to obtain a quote and you may want to try and draw their attention to what you're addressing in your essay. Quotes can be a great tool to get you to highlight something in your essay that can help you sell your essay.Those are just a few examples of the types of samples that you can use in your essays to help you sell college essay help. Make sure that you are getting fresh, unique ideas and you'll never go wrong.

Who Does Not Like Chocolate - 1369 Words

Who does not like Chocolate? Considering that us Americans are the biggest consumers of chocolate in the world, we just cannot get enough of it. We devour the most chocolate on our national holidays such as Halloween, Easter and Valentine’s day, but have you ever wondered where in the world does all this chocolate come from? The main ingredient for making chocolate is cocoa and it does not come sugar coated. Cocoa is can be good but in some many ways it can be harmful because, our purchase of cocoa is making our national debt higher, that people that produce the cocoa are child slaves, and to much chocolate is just not good for one’s health. American consumers are the biggest customer for the average chocolate bar. The American population is one of the main reasons why the chocolate industry is racking up the billions of dollars per year. The main days or events where Americans spend the most chocolate is holidays of course, those being Halloween, Valentine’s Da y and Easter. As most people know the week leading up to Halloween is where the most candy is sold especially chocolate with around 90 million pounds of chocolate sold in the United States alone. With an average chocolate bar being around 78 cents. That is roughly $724,464,000 on chocolate alone. That in most people that can barely muster enough food on their tables every night is a lot of money to spend on candy for a couple of days that just gives most of our kid’s cavities and rotten teeth. Valentine’s day isShow MoreRelatedRogers Chocolates1026 Words   |  5 Pages#1 (Roger’s Chocolates) 1. The premium chocolate industry is changing dramatically with the growth rate in the chocolate industry falling as a whole, other traditional big name chocolate companies like Hershey’s and Cadburys are moving more towards the premium chocolate industry. The premium chocolate industry growing 20 percent annually and with the baby boomers purchasing more chocolate, they put are putting great emphasize on quality and brand when they purchase their chocolates. The underlyingRead MoreEssay Is Chocolate Physiologically or Psychologically Addictive?1263 Words   |  6 PagesIs Chocolate Physiologically or Psychologically Addictive? Chocolate is made from the seeds of the tropical tree, Theobroma cacao. Theobroma is the Greek term for food of the gods. In Aztec society chocolate was a food of the gods, reserved for priests, warriors and nobility. The Aztecs used cacao beans to make a hot, frothy and bitter beverage called chocolatl. Chocolatl was a sacred concoction that was associated with fertility and wisdom. It was also thought to have stimulating and restorativeRead Moreunusual job1654 Words   |  7 Pageswithout doubt, the best job in the world. Ever. Now, I like chocolate - a lot. My sickness threshold is high. I can eat loads without feeling queasy. Ive tried and fallen in love with every brand I can think of, and, as far as inventing new flavours goes, well, thats easy. EVERYTHING goes well with chocolate. Check out all the latest News, Sport Celeb gossip at Mirror.co.uk  http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/being-a-professional-chocolate-taster-mirrorgirl-261729#ixzz2fS9G9iGD   Follow us:  @DailyMirrorRead MoreEssay on the order of things (chocolate war)890 Words   |  4 Pages The Order of Things nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Disturbing the universe is one of the main themes of Robert Cormier’s novel, The Chocolate War. Jerry Renault, the protagonist of the novel, goes against Trinity, the all boys school, and The Vigils, a powerful school gang. He gets admired and then bullied because of his defiance of authority. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the beginning of the story, we are introduced to Jerry Renault. As he is trying out for the school’s football team, ArchieRead MoreCowgirl Chocolate Analysis1365 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Cowgirl Chocolates Analysis Cowgirl chocolates are the design of Marilyn Lysohir and her husband, Ross Coates in 1997. Marilyn is a ceramicist and lecturer who is internationally known and has a successful ceramic art business. Ross is a sculptor and a professor of fine arts at a nearby University. As a labor of love, Marilyn and Ross began publishing a once-a-year arts magazine called High Ground. More a multimedia product than a magazine, the 600-copy production of this product does not payRead MoreCowgirl Chocolates Essay example1340 Words   |  6 PagesCowgirl Chocolates Case Study 1. What are some of the critical strengths and weaknesses of Cowgirl Chocolates that determine the success of this small business? Can the weaknesses be overcome by the strengths of the business? Some of the critical strengths of Cowgirl Chocolates that determine the success of this small business include product differentiation, quality, flexible return policy, and personalization. Cowgirl Chocolates is very modern creation since it meets the needs of a specificRead MoreCowgirl Chocolates1476 Words   |  6 PagesCowgirl Chocolates Final Case Analysis By: Kyle Couchois, Gregory Howard, Marc Schiller, John Sprenger 12/8/2010 Primary Problem The primary problem of Cowgirl Chocolates is that the company has not established a target market for its product and identified its customers. The company specializes in the niche product of hot and spicy gourmet chocolate. According to the company owner, only about 15% of Americans are consuming hot and spicy foods and men are usually more receptiveRead MoreDark Chocolate1516 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Dark Chocolate Healthy?: Chocolate is made from plants, which means it contains many of the health benefits of dark vegetables. These benefits are from flavonoids, which act as antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from aging caused by free radicals, which can cause damage that leads to heart disease. Dark chocolate contains a large number of antioxidants (nearly 8 times the number found in strawberries). Flavonoids also help relax blood pressure through the production of nitric oxideRead MoreChappell Co Ltd v The Nestlà © Co Ltd1091 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Chappell Co Ltd v The Nestlà © Co Ltd    [1959] 2 All ER 701 House of Lords    Nestlà ©, manufacturers of wrapped chocolate bars, advertised for sale, as part of an advertising campaign, the record  Rockin  Shoes. The price of the record was 1s 6d plus three wrappings from their 6d chocolate bars. Chappell, who were the sole licensees of the copyright of  Rockin  Shoes, claimed that Nestlà © had infringed their copyright and sought injunction and damages. Nestlà © claimed that they were entitledRead MoreThe Hard Determinist Does Not Exist999 Words   |  4 PagesPeople who believe that we have no free will, that there is no free actions are known as a hard determinists. In other words, hard determinism is the doctrine that there are no free actions. To them, everything is casually determined and no one acts freely. The hard determinist does not deny that it seems that we have free will. What they deny is that the way things seems is the way they are. Nothing could ever be any other way than the way it is. Choices do not exist, free will does not exi st, and

The Nature of Logic and Perception Essay - 698 Words

As we grow in our lives it is necessary to stop to understand, what we do and how we think. How did we come to a certain conclusion or perception? This paper will explain the nature of logic to critical thinking. Also covered will be my own perceptual process and a description of the types of blocks that influence my views. It is the ability to hone the thinking skills necessary to become a well-rounded contributor to a society or an organization. The nature of logic to critical thinking begins at an early age. From the time one learns the difference between hot and cold, right and wrong, and so on, are the roots of critical thinking. Where we grow and live are the elements of the nature of logic and perceptions. We continue to build†¦show more content†¦To understand critical thinking, one has to have some sense of how human beings process information. We are biologically set up to make sense out of information and experience by summarizing it to reduce the amount of detail using concepts. Each was accomplished by taking information currently known and mastering cognitive skills. Cognitive skills must be considered at the core of critical thinking. These skills should include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation. These cognitive skills can be simplified as mental abilities that one possesses. â€Å"The logical roots of critical thinking in the reading are as ancient as its etymology. It is traceable as far back as to the teaching practice and vision of Socrates 2,500 years ago† (Kirby, et al. 1999 p. 12). He discovered by a method of probing questioning that people could not rationally justify their confident claims to knowledge. Confused meanings, inadequate evidence, or self-contradictory beliefs often lurked beneath smooth but largely empty public speaking of his time. In order to think more critically, we must be willing to identify and explore our own emotional positions on issues, and our biases and perceptions. Interestingly enough increasing our own awareness of these factors with respect to particular problems helps us avoid ineffective decisions, while at the same time, helping us learn about ourselves. Many things canShow MoreRelated Nature of Logic and Perception Essays1127 Words   |  5 PagesNature or Logic and Perception Outline: 1. Definition of logic and its connection with critical thinking. 2. An everyday example is given when use of logic and critical thinking takes place. 3. Nature of logic defined. 4. Perceptual shortcuts and factors influencing it. 5. How these shortcuts affect our decisions. 6. My personal experience of perceptual shortcut. 7. What I learned from this experience. 8. Importance of logic and critical thinking. 9. Read MoreEssay on The Nature of Logic and Perception745 Words   |  3 PagesThe nature of logic and perception Logic is the science of reasoning or sound reasoning. Logically the only reasoning I seem to understand is my own. This has caused me to make many wrong decisions. My judgment with people usually ends up with me looking like an idiot, but I live with the logic what don’t kill you is bound to make you strong. To understand what logic is first you need to be able to be able to understand the reasoning for exactly what is going one at the time. Perception is theRead More The Nature of Logic and Perception Essay example687 Words   |  3 Pagesspeaking, critical thinking is concerned with reason, intellectual honesty, and open-mindedness, as opposed too emotionalism, intellectual laziness, and closed-mindedness. Wordnet views perception as â€Å"insight, intuition, or knowledge gained by perceiving, a way of conceiving something† (Wordnet, 1997). Perception, to me is the way I view something or situation, it may not necessarily be the way the situation happened. I was recently involved in a situation at work when my co-workers and me perceivedRead MorePerception Is The Organization, Identification And Interpretation Of Sensory Information1209 Words   |  5 PagesPerception is the organisation, identification and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. Like perception, logic plays a role in critical thinking. Critical thinking is the process in which one mentally explores deeper than the superficial matters at hand into the deeper layers in order to find out what the real issues are. However, when it comes to weighing their beneficial impact on the critical thinking process, logic and perception are by noRead MoreDoes Cognitive Bias Influence The Patterns We Exist?1529 Words   |  7 Pageslife? Cognitive bias is defined as pattern of distortion in perception and a deviation from rational decision; irrationality Decision-making, belief and behavioral biases. If a person was to look into h uman sciences and mathematics as ways of knowing, he or she would determine that cognitive bias is present every time a person sees a pattern. However, they are unable to see the bias for themselves because of the selectivity of perception. Human sciences will be beneficial in answering this questionRead MoreRecreation of the Ideas of Edmund Husserl Essay1651 Words   |  7 Pageswithin the environment. We begin by explaining what the phenomenological attitude is not. This method contrasts with the popular framework, advocated by Husserl himself in his earlier works, of psychologism. Through this lens, the totality of human logic stems from psychological processes contained within the brain. However, Husserl did not hold that invoking the sciences was conducive to genuine philosophical pursuits due to their heavy reliance on presuppositions with which psychologism is fraughtRead MoreObjectivity And The Phenomenological Reduction1250 Words   |  5 Pagesmeaning-constitution†(Moran 78). I’ll attempt to use logic as an example: the proper object of logic is to study the relationship between the contents of expressions and what is being expressed; Modus Ponens states that if p then q is accepted, and the antecedent p holds, then the consequent q may be inferred. Logic is only interested in the functional relation between the truth-value of p and q in the domain whe re Modus Ponens is applicable. Because logic, in one domain is only interested in the functionalRead More Logic and Perception Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pages Logic and Perception nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A human’s ability to think constitutes the human’s ability to live. Though life can and does go on without thought, thoughtless life would hold no meaning for most of us. Our thoughts fill our days and give meaning and purpose to our days to come. Through perception, we become aware of our environment through physical sensation (Merriam-Webster, 1997, p.546). Every single experience and observation, every smell and sound, that enters our mind throughRead MoreComparison Of The â€Å"Death By Landscape† And â€Å"The Yellow1231 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Lois is in throughout the story. Lucy is not alive in a body, but in the obsession of Lois’s mind. Society deals with death in many ways, whether it is in ritual or locking it behind a wall in the mind. Lois locks Lucy in the depths of her perception and mind as shown by the paintings she has collected, â€Å"every one of them is a picture of Lucy. You can’t see her exactly. But she’s there, in behind the pink stone island or the one behind that.† (Atwood 129). Due to the disturbance that Lois isRead MoreReasearch Article Analysis1251 Words   |  6 PagesI will look to analyze are: to identifying the purpose of the article, the problem, the design of the study, the operational design of the study, look to identify if any inductive and or deductive logic were used in the article, look to identify if the research is quantitative or qualitative in nature, the methodology, the population targeted, the sampling methods used, the return dates, the research findings, describe the conclusions and recommendations made by the author(s), and finally a detailed

Their Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neal Hurston - 888 Words

In the story Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neal Hurston, the main character Janie dream is to attain unconditional, fulfilling and true love. Throughout her life she experiences different types of love. As a result from her quest to find her desired love Janie’s gains personal freedom and independence, this makes her the true heroine of this novel. Janie searches for the love she always wanted, the one that is represented by the marriage between a bee and a blossom on the pear tree that stood in Nanny s backyard. All Janie wants is to find true love and independence in her life. The first type of the love that Janie experiences are protective love from her Nanny (her grandmother). Her Nanny strives for her to have a better life than she ever did, and wants to make sure that Janie is well taken car of. This protective love that Nanny bestows to Janie is the way Nanny forces the arranged marriage with Logan Killicks. With Logan, Janie had the similar protective love much like Nanny had provided her. Logan owned a 60-acre potato farm, which represents a sense of security for Janie. Living on such a large acre Janie had to put it a lot of work on the farm. Janie was getting tired of working on the farm and wanted to be able to travel to the town with Logan but he never allowed because there was work that needed to be done on the farm. Even though Janie was given protection and land this type of love is not the one she had always desired. Joe Starks cameShow MoreRelatedThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neal Hurston930 Words   |  4 PagesZora Neal Hurston’s ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God’, was published in 1937 and is often celebrated for it’s realistic use of language and dialect of the black American south. However, as Wright pinpoints, there is a sense of Hurston catering to the white audience in her use of language, and prompts the question of whether ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God’ should be conside red a ‘community text’ or comparable to minstrelsy. This essay will explore the ways in which Hurston creates a community text throughRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neal Hurston1176 Words   |  5 Pages In Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neal Hurston, Janie Starks is a girl who has a hard time finding love through out the novel. Janie marries three very different men in her life. Their names are Logan Killicks, Jody Starks and Tea Cake. Each marriage is very different from the other. Janie learns different lessons from each of her three marriages. Each lesson is very useful to her. She learns that marriage does not lead to love, in order to have a good marriage, both partners must be treatedRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neal Hurston1533 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone in the world today whether is be now or later on in your life, hopes to find a special someone that can spent the rest on their life with and fall in love as well. In the Novel, Their eyes were watching god written by Zora Neal Hurston, this is exactly what the main character Janie goal is. Janie encounters three different man she hopes to achieve her life goals and fall in love with. Each relationship that she experiences differs due to the different cultural context present or broughtRead MoreAn Analysis Of Zora Neal Hurston s Their Eyes Were Watching God1174 Words   |  5 Pagesof death. Zora Neal Hurston uses these and similar aspects of nature as a pillar in her novel Their Eyes were Watching God to describe the progression of the life of Janie, the main character. One of the many natural images Hurston provided the reader with was that of the pear tree. The pear tree was a predominant image throughout the early stages of the book because it represented the innocence of Janie. The beautiful, sun-kissed tree was first introduced in the paragraph where Hurston says â€Å"FromRead More Zora Neale Hurston Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Zora Neale Hurston was a phenomenal woman. At the height of her success she was known as the â€Å"Queen of the Harlem Renaissance.† She came to overcome obstacles that were placed in front of her. Hurston rose from poverty to fame and lost it all at the time of her death. Zora had an unusual life; she was a child that was forced to grow up to fast. But despite Zora Neale Hurston’s unsettled life, she managed to surmount every obstacle to become one of the most profound authorsRead MoreZora Neale Hurston1163 Words   |  5 PagesZora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston was a phenomenal woman. 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One source summarizes the story as, 1 † a womans quest for fulfillment and liberation in a society where women are objects toRead MoreMarxism And Feminism In Sweat By Zora Neal Hurston949 Words   |  4 Pagesnineteenth century on. Zora Neal Hurston’s work entitled â€Å"Sweat† is a prime example of how culture is affected by its cultures standards of economic â€Å"base†. The story was published in 1926 during a time of trial and error considering the obstacles that faced many female authors at the time. Hurston’s story â€Å"Sweat† overlaps with her novel â€Å"Their Eyes are Watching God† which also supports the idea that culture is affected by periods of economic â€Å"base†. Hurston’s â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† also portraysRead MoreZora Neal Hurston Integrates Folklore with Fiction Essay examples780 Words   |  4 Pages Zora Neal Hurston integrates folklore with fiction in her works. Zora Neale Hurston was an author during the time of the Harlem Renaissance who won Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards. She wrote a number of books but â€Å"Their Eyes Were watching God† was by far her most successful book that she has written. â€Å"Their Eyes Were watching God’† was published in 1937 had fifty-two editions and had a rating of 109,737. This was not only the most successful book that she had written but it was also one of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Zora Neale Hurston s The Eyes Were Watching God Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesIntersectionality is the study of identity that looks at how different aspects of identity intersect with each other to form specific and differing experiences of oppression. Zora Neale Hurston deals with the intersection of race and gender through the story of Janie in Their Eyes Were Watching God. However, rather than seeing the way in which Hurston deals with this intersection, the author Richard Wright claims, â€Å"The sen sory sweep of her novel carries no theme, no message, no thought. In the main, her novel

Outsourced On Performance Of Organizations -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: How Outsourcing Marketing Services Affects The Financial Performance Of Organizations? To Establish The Impact Of Outsourcing Security Services On The Financial Performance Of Organizations. How Outsourcing Information Technology Affects The Financial Performance Of Organizations? How Outsourcing Human Resource Services Affect The Financial Performance Of Organizations? Answers: Introduction This report shows the impact of services function on financial performance on an organization. Moreover, the main aim of this research proposal is to address techniques and approaches to identify the impact of outsourced functions on the financial performance of company. This report also presents the research background, research aim and objectives, and research justification. Further, it discusses conceptual understanding about the research topic that is relied on research aim and objectives of the research. Moreover, research methodology demonstrates the data collection method that will be used in a research study. It will be also significant to show the techniques, which will be beneficial to resolve the issue of research. Research Background The research subject is to analyses the impact of outsourced function on the financial performance of an organization. For the current situation, it is mandatory for a corporate to improve outsourced function issues due to enhancing the financial performance of a company. It will be appropriate for continuous growth of company at the international level (Arku, 2013). For this, it will be vital for a corporate to enhance skills of employees and gain the understanding regarding outsourced function. Since, it will be effective to enhance the financial performance of a corporate. At the same time, it can also be beneficial to obtain a competitive advantage in the upcoming period (Bernard, et al., 2014). In this research, the outsourced function will be imperative for gaining the financial performance of a corporate in long-run. An organization will use the outsourced functions to categorize business activity and resolve the issues of consumers in less time and cost. From the practices of this, an organization capable to build their competence along with abilities to obtain the higher rate of profit in the marketplace. Moreover, it can be stated that most of the company of Australia has used the outsourced function in their business to effectively operate the business along with deal with the upcoming uncertainty (Butler, et al., 2014). At the same time, it is also illustrated that the application of outsources function can be crucial to improve the existing situation of an organization along with the organizational capabilities to manage the unexpected occurrence. It will be also supportive to enhance competitive benefit in the marketplace. For future, outsourcing function is vital concepts which were investigated by various researchers with help of different region. Moreover, it is illustrated that there are certain elements which forces to researcher for choosing the research named motivating research issue, the role of outsourced function in improving the financial performance of the organization. Additionally, it can be illustrated that these factors can attract the researcher to perform the research regarding the practices of outsourced functions (Caine, et al., 2013). It will be helpful for obtaining a reliable and vital outcome. Moreover, various researchers have investigated on factors that affect the financial performance of an organization but there is lack of research in the context of the impact of outsourced function on the financial performance of a corporate. Hence, it can be a major cause for the selection of this research issues. Research aim and objectives The aim of the study is to establish the impact of service outsourced functions on the financial performance of organizations. The specific objectives are discussed as below: To find out the impact of outsourcing marketing services on the financial performance of organizations. To establish the impact of outsourcing security services on the financial performance of organizations. To identify the impact of outsourcing information technology services on the financial performance of organizations. To establish the impact of outsourcing human resource services on the financial performance of organizations. Justification of the research project The outsourced function plays an imperative role to improve the financial performance of an organization in long-term. At the same time, it will also supportive to categorize activity of business as a result, it would be beneficial to solve the issues of customer in long-term. Moreover, Australian organizations had faced losses regarding the financial performance condition. This research will be supportive for an organization to understand the different elements of outsourced function that can influence the business growth (Cummings, et al., 2014). From this research, the organization will able to find out the mechanism to manage the business fluctuation and financial performance of the company. This research plan helps to students or readers to broaden the knowledge of the outsourced function. This research proposal will support the current companies and new business/ entrepreneurs as they can spread the information about the role, significance, and consequence of the outsourced fun ction. As a result, it will help to the company for effectively manage outsourced function. This research will support the organization for making the effective policy in the context of the outsourced function (Davidson, et al., 2013). Potential output The result of this research will provide the critical outline to evaluate the impact of outsourced functions on the financial performance of an organization. Thus, this research report would help to build fresh knowledge and determine the strategies which are practiced by the organization in order to manage the issues of outsourced function. This research proposal also offers comprehensive picture about an outsourced function that supports to find out the elements which influence the financial performance of an organization. The outsourced function depends on different elements like infrastructure, systems, planning and organization, and miscellaneous. In addition, it can also be said that such factors directly influence the ultimate outcome of this research (Ee, et al., 2013). Moreover, each research questions and objective will determine in this research proposal due to resolving the research issue systematically. These research results will be examined as an educational work due t o determine the issues of this research proposal. Moreover, this research will assist the organization to concentrate on such elements to manage the outsourced function in an appropriate manner. Impact of outsourcing marketing services on financial performance of organizations According to Fletcher (2017), illustrated that outsourcing marketing performance can directly impact on the performance of organization because it prioritizes the optimum use of resources that affects the organization in long-term. In addition, it is also illustrated that it makes effective strategies before starting any work, which also helps to meet the goal of an organization as well satisfy more customers in specified time and cost. Planning of existing situation demonstrates the actual condition of the organization. It will support to the company for fast-moving as well as improving the financial performance of the company. In opposition to this, Gobble (2013) examined that outsourcing human resource services provide the core roles to an employee of an organization that supports to successfully deal with the fluctuation of the market in the upcoming period. In the current scenario, it is examined that companies have used outsourcing central function for its business operation along with predictable activities can help to obtain the favorable outcome in less time and cost. For illustration, telecommunication companies contract to the radiotelephone, telephone, telegraph to successfully communicate with communication and deal with the problems of customers due to making a robust relationship with them in long-term. In support of this, Gunasekaran et al. (2015) illustrated that these kinds of outsourcing can also affect the financial performance of an organization. It is also illustrated that an organization can gain their understanding regarding the outsourced function to obtain the competitive benefit. The core marketing understanding can create by the developing nation but in the existing time marketing services can be understood by the performance of marketing in the business activity. Therefore, it can be said that the effective marketing service outsourcing can directly influence the growth of the company in long-run. The impact of outsourcing security services on financial performance of organizations Mitchell et al. (2013) viewed that an organization should implement the practices of security outsourcing due to solving the compliance requirements as well as complete their regulatory obligations in an appropriate manner. It is also stated that company should uses the merchants to operate card operating schemes for fulfilling with the PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards). It is also examined that Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards could be quite complex to effectively meet the requirement of the internal employees. On the other side, Psacharopoulos et al. (2014) explained that the application of a PCI DSS can be quite expensive for an organization to operate PCI DSS for minimum eight hours per day in the working culture. At the same time, it is also examined that it supports to successfully monitor and evaluate the capabilities in an appropriate manner. The impact of outsourcing information technology services on financial performance of organizations In support of this, Rivard et al. (2015) stated that appropriate performance evaluation and management direct impact on the outsourcing. The outsourcing of the information technology can directly influence the financial performance of an organization.It is also stated that, for sustainability, an organization estimates the last record related to the profitability, incorporate competitively, approaches, and stakeholder to successfully measure the non-financial performance of the business. Balanced Scorecard According to Sivakumar et al. (2015) explained that the balanced scorecard plays a significant role to measure the financial performance of an organization. It includes two elements such as non-financial and financial for measuring the quality of the performance of the company. It considers different elements such as internal business processes; learning, customers, and growth are included in the non-financial performance. It is supportive to improve the financial performance of an organization. In opposition to this, Solakivi et al. (2013) explained that the financial measures are supportive to develop trust among employees at the working place, which can help to obtain the competitive advantages. It will also help to improve the performance of an organization effectively. The impact of outsourcing human resource services on financial performance of organizations On the other hand, Susomrith et al. (2013) illustrated that Human resources services outsource plays an imperative role to improve the financial performance of an organization. It concentrates on the elements that lead to human outsourcing due to enhancing the performance of the organization. Taipaleenmki and Ikheimo (2013) stated that the proposed strategies are used to make a connection among the financial performance and human resource services outsourcing. It is also identified that a major challenge for company is to effectively measure the performance of human resources outsourcing in the context of improving the financial performance. The evaluation of the human resource procedure is very complex for the organization because each member is interconnected with human resource team. At the same time, it is also stated that the human resource outsourcing can be measured by some different elements named workforce morale, turnover, and satisfaction level. Research Hypothesis The hypothesis of this research is discussed as below: Null Hypothesis (H0): Outsource Function not impact on the financial performance of an organization Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Outsource Function impact on the financial performance of an organization Research Methodology The following points are considered in research methodology to evaluate the research aim of this research. It is deliberated as below: Literature Review In the literature section, resercher will create depth understanding regarding the suitable literature and evaluates the collected data which are obtained by using different sources like Emerald, Google scholar, academic journal, and articles of many researchers or authors. Data Analysis Methods The data will be analyzed by using mixed data collection methods such as qualitative and quantitative methods. The researcher will use qualitative analysis to conduct online communication and discussion with the financial expertise and executives. In contrast, quantitative analysis will be used by researchers to demonstrate the collected data in statistics, excel sheet, pie diagrams, numerical data, and arithmetic data practicing, the online websites and academic Journal (Yee, et al., 2017). The researcher will use mixed data evaluation method to successfully accomplish the research objectives of this research in an appropriate manner. Moreover, it can be said that researcher will also use the quantitative data evaluating method to test the hypothesis wherein the data accept or reject the estimated outcome (Taylor, et al., 2015). Beside this, qualitative data evaluating method will be exercised by the researcher to create conceptual understanding regarding the research issue as it supports to develop the findings in an appropriate manner. A mixture of research methodologies is practiced to get the specific clarification for research problem that is determined in the problem statement. Moreover, researchers will use secondary data to measure the data as compared to first handed information (Zhang, et al., 2014). Organization of the Study The following factors are the organization of this study: First section: this section will supportive to examine the research plan. Second section: this chapter will deliberate the concepts or conceptual framework regarding the outsourced function. Third section: This section will describe research methodology which incorporates literature review, data analysis methods, and data collection method. fourth section: It will discuss the findings and data analysis of the research study. Fifth section: It will be supportive to analysis the findings and deliberate the proposals in outsourced functioning (Mackey, et al., 2015). Gantt chart The time structure for this research is discussed as below: Table 1: time structure Task name Start Day End Day Duration (Days) Research Proposal 01/10/2017 15/10/2017 15 Literature Review 16/10/2017 16/12/2017 60 Data Collection 17/12/2017 24/02/2018 67 Analysis of Data 25/02/2018 25/02/2018 30 Final Report Submission 26/02/2018 27/02/2018 31 Chart 2: Gantt chart Project Budget and Budget Justification The budget for this research is approximate $2100 to complete the aim of this research study in the specified time period which is given in the Gantt chart. The budget is depended on the following elements of the research study: To accomplish the LR (literature review), course books, online resources, editorial, and academic journal are needed which cannot be addressed without capital. Hence, the researcher will spend $700 to purchase such resources. Data collection method is also a vital part of research because by using this method researcher will enable to collect the information regarding the research issue. Therefore, $700 will be spent by the researcher to collect the accurate information regarding the research problem. A researcher will also spend $500 to address tables, graphs, and supervision of the data. In synopsis, Purpose Estimated amount ($) Literature Review 900 Data Collection 900 Data Analysis 900 Total financial plan Expectation 2700 Conclusion From the above conclusion, it can be concluded that the outsourcing marketing services have a positive impact on the financial performance of organizations. In addition, it can also summarize that outsourcing security services, outsourcing information technology services, and outsourcing human resource services also positively influence the financial performance of an organization in long-term. Finally, it can be concluded that the alternative hypothesis is accepted because there is a relationship between the outsourced functions and financial performance. Therefore, it can be said that the outsourced function directly impacts on the financial performance of the organization. References Arku, G. (2013). Outsourcing functions to economic development corporations: Exploring the perceptions of officials in Ontario, Canada.Public Organization Review,13(1), 49-70. Bernard, H. R., Gravlee, C. C. (Eds.). (2014).Handbook of methods in cultural anthropology. USA: Rowman Littlefield. Butler, M. G., Callahan, C. M. (2014). Human resource outsourcing: Market and operating performance effects of administrative HR functions.Journal of Business Research,67(2), 218-224. Caine, V., Estefan, A., Clandinin, D. J. (2013). A return to methodological commitment: Reflections on narrative inquiry.Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research,57(6), 574-586. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. USA: Cengage learning. Davidson, B. I., Desai, N. K., Gerard, G. J. (2013). The effect of continuous auditing on the relationship between internal audit sourcing and the external auditor's reliance on the internal audit function.Journal of Information Systems,27(1), 41-59. Ee, E., Halim, H. A., Ramayah, T. (2013). HR outsourcing success: Does partnership quality variables matter?.Journal of Business Economics and Management,14(4), 664-676. Fletcher, A. J. (2017). Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets method.International Journal of Social Research Methodology,20(2), 181-194. Gobble, M. M. (2013). Outsourcing innovation.Research-Technology Management,56(4), 64-67. Gunasekaran, A., Irani, Z., Choy, K. L., Filippi, L., Papadopoulos, T. (2015). Performance measures and metrics in outsourcing decisions: A review for research and applications.International Journal of Production Economics,161, 153-166. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. UK: Routledge. Mitchell, R., Obeidat, S., Bray, M. (2013). The Effect of Strategic Human Resource Management on Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of High?Performance Human Resource Practices.Human Resource Management,52(6), 899-921. Psacharopoulos, G. (Ed.). (2014).Economics of education: Research and studies. USA: Elsevier. Rivard, S., Aubert, B. A. (2015).Information technology outsourcing. UK: Rutledge. Sivakumar, R., Kannan, D., Murugesan, P. (2015). Green vendor evaluation and selection using AHP and Taguchi loss functions in production outsourcing in mining industry.Resources Policy,46, 64-75. Solakivi, T., Tyli, J., Ojala, L. (2013). Logistics outsourcing, its motives and the level of logistics costs in manufacturing and trading companies operating in Finland.Production Planning Control,24(4-5), 388-398. Susomrith, P., Brown, A. (2013). Motivations for HR outsourcing in Australia.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(4), 704-720. Taipaleenmki, J., Ikheimo, S. (2013). On the convergence of management accounting and financial accountingthe role of information technology in accounting change.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,14(4), 321-348. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. USA: John Wiley Sons. Yee, C. S., Sujan, A., James, K., Leung, J. K. (2017). Perceptions of Singaporean internal audit customers regarding the role and effectiveness of internal audit.Asian Journal of Business and Accounting,1(2), 147-174. Zhang, F., Ma, X., Liu, S. (2014). Efficient computation outsourcing for inverting a class of homomorphic functions.Information Sciences,286, 19-28.

An Analysis of Human Relationship in Lady Chatterley’s Lover free essay sample

Analysis of Human relationship in Lady Chatterley’s Lover Devid Hurbert Lawrence’s novel â€Å"Lady Chatterley’s Lover† is essentially about human relationship. It is all time human concern. It is a story of discovery, a journey, towards a balanced approach in which mind and body are equally valued.Lawrence, in his novel writing, is mainly concerned with human relationships. In words of David Daiches â€Å"with Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928) Lawrence returned to the central theme of his earlier novels – the possibilities of adequate human relationships in modern civilization† (1166). Nicholas has mentioned the same point â€Å" the quest for a perfect male-female relationship can be called the centralal subject of Lawrence’s fiction†(96.He probes into various aspects of relationships, the relationship between man and his environment, the relationship of man to God and nature, the relationship between a parent and a child, the relationship between a man and a women, the relationship between instinct and intellect. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of Human Relationship in Lady Chatterley’s Lover or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to him the most important of human relationships is that between man and woman. The novels of Lawrence characteristically examine the motives behind the changing human relationships. He is in search of balanced relationship, based on balance between intellect and instinct.Why relationships fail, especially that between a woman and a man and how healthy and balance relationship can be developed in war hit and machine dominated world. Lady Chatterley’s Lover, mainly tells a story of Connie’s love affair with her husband’s gamekeeper, Mellors. Connie’s husband, Clifford, an aristocratic industrialist, owns coalmines and a large family estate, is paralyzed from the waist down by a war wound, is confined to a wheelchair, and is estranged from his wife who is slowly drawn into association with the gamekeeper.Their passionate contacts finally developed into genuine love. The major aim of the novel is obviously to arouse people awareness of harmonious true love embodied in androgyny and to establish a healthy relationship between men and women both physicaly and emotionally in a patriarchal society where natural harmony of human nature has been severely destroyed by the industrial civilization and intellect. Man has given more importance to his intellect than instinct while the novel emphisis , man, to be a good animal, true to his animal instincts.In Lady Chatterleys Lover, Lawrence comes full circle to argue once again for individual regeneration, which can be found only through the relationship between man and woman (and, he asserts sometimes, man and man). According to Wikipedia â€Å"Love and personal relationships are the threads that bind this novel together† (01). Lawrence explores a wide range of different types of relationships. The reader sees the brutal, bullying relationship between Mellors and his wife Bertha, who punishes him by preventing his pleasure.There is Tommy Dukes, who has no relationship because he cannot find a woman whom he respects intellectually and, at the same time, finds desirable. There is also the perverse, maternal relationship that ultimately develops between Clifford and Mrs. Bolton, his caring nurse, after Connie has left, she simultaneously adores and despises him, while Clifford depends and look down upon her, is the most complex relationship in the novel. The purpose of present study is to analyze the importance of personal relationship in Lady Chatterley’s lover.

The communications media used in the educational system The WritePass Journal

The communications media used in the educational system 1. Executive Summary The communications media used in the educational system 1. Executive Summary2. Introduction  3. Communication3.1. One way communication and two way communication. 3.2. Verbal and non verbal 4. The means of communication in the educational system5. E-learning5.1. Blended-Learning5.2. Distance courses5.2.1 E-learning synchronous and asynchronous 5.2.1.1Synchronous5.2.1.2. Asynchronous5.3. Advantages and disadvantages of e-learning compared to traditional methods 5.3.1. Advantages5.3.1.1. Reducing the Impact on EnvironmentThere is no need of traveling; resulting in diminution of pollution reduces the use of papers thereby contributing to the environment 5.3.1.2. Quality education affordable5.3.1.3. Convenience and flexibility for the student 5.3.2. DisadvantagesAccording Remenyi (2005), the three major disadvantages related to the E-learning is the lack of interaction between student and teacher, the lack of interaction between students and the need for basic computer skills. 5.3.2.1. Lack of interaction between student and teacher 5.3.2.2. Lack of interaction between students5.3.2.3. Need for basic computer skills6. ConclusionRelated 1. Executive Summary This report examines the means of communication at universities. A brief definition of communication will be given initially, followed by a description of the means of communication currently used in universities. The report then focuses on e-learning, examining the method and the blended distance course. Within the distance course will examine the synchronous and asynchronous method. So those will be presented this vantage and disadvantage of e-learning compared to the traditional teaching method, being concluded that the e-learning is essential to the educational system and recommended the implementation of distance education at University of Westminster 2. Introduction The communications media used in the educational system has been suffering major changes in recent times. The traditional method has been complemented or even replaced many times by the current method where e-learning has been outstanding. E-learning can bring great benefits to the educational system, complementing or being another option for those who do not have the opportunity to attend the traditional method. The aim of this report is to examine the communication system used on the educational system is special on higher education, focusing on the e-learning method. Firstly, it will talk about the means of communication, secondly the traditional teaching method, third on the e-learning and finally will present the advantages and disadvantages of e-learning compared to traditional teaching methods.   3. Communication The definition of Communication is given by Collins English Dictionary (2009) as the exchange of information, ideas or feeling.† Communication can be classified and divided in different ways. According to Gallegher (2010), communication can be one-way or two way communication; verbal and non verbal, and also says that the communication can be inter or intra communication. 3.1. One way communication and two way communication. One way communication occurs when there is no feedback or interaction during the communication. Two way communication occurs when the recipient asks clarification and interacts with the sender 3.2. Verbal and non verbal The verbal communication occurs when there is the use of words and can be written or spoken. Examples of written communication are: newspapers, posters, advertisements, books, while some examples of spoken communication are: speeches, discussions, lectures and presentations. Non-verbal communication uses other means that is not through writing or speaking, such as facial expression and body language. 4. The means of communication in the educational system The means of communication used in the educational system has been through major transformations following the technological advancement. According to An evaluation of students, the traditional method of teaching in the UK and in most of the world is characterized by one-way transmission from the lecture to the student, which refers to the teacher-center model of teaching, where information is transmitted to the students through the knowledge of the teacher, without much questioning by the student. However, this method has been changed, and the aim of the educational system has been supporting the activities of students rather than simply convey information.   According to Gibbs (1995:1) student-centered method, encourages â€Å"learner activity rather than passivity; students experience on the course, outside the institution-and prior to the course, process and competence, rather than the content where key decisions about learning are made by the student through negotiation with the teacher . The growth of this new method of teaching has as a major factor, the implementation of e-learning by higher education institutions. 5. E-learning According to Clarke (2004), E-learning is a general term that covers different methods which have in common the use of Information and Technology of communication, and may be as a complement to a traditional course as well as an online course where teachers and students do not meet. The term e-learning is the result of a combination occurring between the educations with the help of technology. The e-learning added new meaning to apprenticeship and blew up the possibilities in disseminating of knowledge and information to students and, at a fast pace, opened up new horizons for the distribution and sharing of knowledge, making it also a form of democratization of knowledge for the layers of the population with access to new technologies, giving them the knowledge available, anytime and anywhere. With the development of web technology, the processes of interaction in real time became a reality, allowing to the student to have contact with knowledge, with the teacher and other students, through the media technological 5.1. Blended-Learning This is a new method that has been growing in popularity, which is based on e-learning as a complement to studies in the classroom. Clarke (2004:120), defines blended learning as the integration of e-learning approaches with more traditional methods†. As an example of this method we can mention the Blackboard used by universities. 5.2. Distance courses The training and continual updating of knowledge and skills of human resources are now a crucial element to achieve an effective and efficient performance. The application of information technology and communication to the area of training led to the creation of a new mode of apprenticeship: the distance course. According to Mealy and Loller (2000), Distance Education (DE) occurs when education is provided without the student and the institution being on the same physical location.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the distance course the student starts to having time to learn at their own pace, with the assistance of a tutor, without losing the ability to interact with other course participants. 5.2.1 E-learning synchronous and asynchronous 5.2.1.1Synchronous There are two distinct ways of teaching through distance learning: Synchronous and Asynchronous. Synchronous is when teacher / tutor and student / trainees are in lesson to the same time. Can be cited as an example of resources synchronous phone, chat, video conferencing and web conferencing. Through web conferencing, the teacher ministers the classes and students can hear the contents transmitted by the teacher. Thus, students may also ask questions and discussions. This is the model that most closely resembles the traditional teaching. The concept of classroom is extended to distance learning through the use of technology.† Mealy   and Loller (2000:20) 5.2.1.2. Asynchronous In asynchronous e-learning, teacher and students are not in class to the same time. According to Mealy and Loller (2000), the main feature of this method is that the student can participate in the study schedule that suits you. The teacher also is not limited to a specific schedule and can answer questions or participate in discussions at different times of the student. The big difference in asynchronous e-learning is that time is elastic giving greater flexibility to the students in their learning, research and study. 5.3. Advantages and disadvantages of e-learning compared to traditional methods 5.3.1. Advantages According to Remenyi (2005), the three main benefits of e-learning are: Reducing the impact on the environment, quality education affordable and Convenience and flexibility for the student 5.3.1.1. Reducing the Impact on Environment There is no need of traveling; resulting in diminution of pollution reduces the use of papers thereby contributing to the environment 5.3.1.2. Quality education affordable Through e-learning, great teachers can share their knowledge without physical barriers, political, or economic, thus reducing the cost of education making it more affordable, The student can study at a respected university, out of state or even country, e-learning takes the social and physical barriers by giving everyone the same level 5.3.1.3. Convenience and flexibility for the student The materials are more accessible, depending on the method, can be available 24 hours 7 days a week, with no need for change in lifestyle. The student has the opportunity to create a personalized pace. 5.3.2. Disadvantages According Remenyi (2005), the three major disadvantages related to the E-learning is the lack of interaction between student and teacher, the lack of interaction between students and the need for basic computer skills. 5.3.2.1. Lack of interaction between student and teacher The tutor has a higher difficulty in judging the level of acceptance, understanding and retention, since it is not possible an immediate response from the student. There is a need for a higher level of motivation and higher autonomy of learning than classroom training 5.3.2.2. Lack of interaction between students Depending on the method used e-learning, such as the course distance, because there is no participation in the classroom, there is no socialization among students, which can lead to negative outcomes such as lack of ability to work as a team. 5.3.2.3. Need for basic computer skills Need some experience in using computers and Internet usage, also some appetite for the use of technology 6. Conclusion With the increasingly widespread use of new information technologies and communication, it becomes essential the adoption of these in the teaching and apprenticeship. The process that performs this learning environment is called e-learning. In eLearning, flees to the traditional model of teaching, the learning process is student centered, which can build its self-education course, interacting with the available content according to their learning needs in a way flexible, how, when and wherever you want, being the teacher / trainer the catalyst developing this process. In eLearning, the papers the teacher / trainer and school / university are not being replaced. What changes is its function, no longer educational agents, to be partners in apprenticeship. Therefore personal contact is not unappreciated, but become more interesting.

Organisation's entry into a foreign market - internationalisation Essay

Organisation's entry into a foreign market - internationalisation process - Essay Example As these factors could be influenced by local cultural, political, social and economic issues, they have to be studied in an in-depth manner before entering the foreign market, and that will be focus of this report. Introduction Organizations wanting to achieve optimal success will always want to expand their geographical and financial ‘boundaries’, thus going on the path of internationalization. That is, organizations could think of entering newer or foreign markets after achieving sizable success in their domestic markets or due to strong competition or saturation in their domestic market or importantly after seeing feasible and good opportunities in foreign market or markets particularly due globalization facilitated opportunities, etc. Thus, internationalisation is kind of becoming a happening concept used by many organizations to expand their reach globally. â€Å"As the global economy expands, as more products and services compete on a global basis and as more and more firms operate outside their countries of origin, the impact on various business functions becomes more pronounced† (Briscoe and Schuler 2004). Whatever be the motivations or objectives for the organizations to enter foreign markets, it is of crucial importance for that organization to study that foreign market in a deep and extensive manner. According to Hill (2009), if a firm wants to expand its business to overseas markets, it must evaluate the potential of country and the country specific factors. Recruitment process After the organizations make its entry, to start their operations there organizations will have to send their own employees who are working in their home operations, then will initiate the recruitment process to recruit the local qualified employees and could also bring in employees from other Third countries. This factor of recruitment is in line with the theoretical concept of recruiting the three types of employees, Parent Country nationals (PCNs) who are brought from home operations, Host country nationals (HCNs) who are local employees and finally Third Country nationals (TCNs) (Scullion & Collings 2006). Among these three groups of employees, organizations has to focus maximally on the HCNs. Entering organizations are duty bound to recruit high number of HCNs because they have to give something to the population that host their organization and also for practical purposes including low cost labour, logistical reasons, etc. Thus, when qualified at the same time low cost labour is available, entering organizations can achieve two objectives in one stroke. Peng and Meyer (2011) discusses about this recruitment process by stating how it involves â€Å"identification of suitable local employees, convincing them to apply for a job, and selecting the most suitable candidates for each job.† Management of recruited employees After recruitment process, organizations have to consider the factor of aptly managing culturally differe nt employees. That is, as each country will have certain distinct cultural traditions, and as the local employees would have imbued those traditions, it could be visible during their functioning, thereby necessitating apt management. Like the above mentioned recruitment process, during organization functioning, it would be better for the organization to prepare and promote local employees to managerial positions. This is line with the theoretical concept that the organizations operating in foreign soils should follow polycentric

Risk Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Risk Assessment - Essay Example The participants involved in the risk assessment include:  Jack Philips, Hewlett-Packard chief IT officer who reviewed the safety of the entire report after completion.Patrick Michaels, Hewlett Packard senior IT technician that uses the information risk management to ensure that the operation of the company runs smoothly and providing additional information on what needs to be improved within the firm (Loughman et al., 2011 p 45).  James Williams, Hewlett Packard systems administrator who provided information on how secure the system was for use online. The information was obtained through the completion of questionnaires.  John Wallace, Hewlett Packard Data administrator provided information on the same through the completion of various reports after having done assessments and questionnaires.  Mike Johnson, Hewlett Packard computer security officer, gave information on the security system through doing reports and filling questionnaires.  Control objectives needed to secu re an organization.  This step will help in identifying the risks associated with the information system installed at Hewlett Packard. This will be effective in analyzing the various vulnerabilities that the systems may be exposed to. The systems may also be exposed to a number of threats within the company, for instance, environmental factors and various human factors (Calow 2009 p 12).  The process that was used to identify involved:  Ã‚  a) Identification of the susceptibility of the organization’s information system

Tension in the 1920s Essay Example for Free

Tension in the 1920s Essay During the 1920’s, the United States saw many large changes made in the country, the largest of which, the ratification of the 18th Amendment and the start of prohibition, was the greatest source of tension during that time period. The 18th Amendment which made the production, transport, and sale of alcohol illegal, upset many people, but was actually never enforced that strictly. Many people could still drink very easily and alcohol was never hard to find. Although many people think it was a terrible mistake and the government was taking away a simple way for adults to get together and have fun, the government gave them a good amount of time to prepare. As stated in an article by Mark Moore of the New York Times, â€Å"The amendment prohibited the commercial manufacture and distribution of alcoholic beverages; it did not prohibit use, nor production for ones own consumption. Moreover, the provisions did not take effect until a year after passage -plenty of time for people to stockpile supplies†. People could still produce alcohol for themselves which most already did and talks of prohibition had been going on for years with much support. The citizens of the United States should have taken that time to gather the alcohol they wanted and obtain the supplies needed to produce it. Once again, even though one could not sell alcohol or produce it, it was extremely easy to access, there were extremely large amounts of speakeasies in cities, people could go to Canada or Mexico, or just take a boat three miles out into the ocean where the government had no power. Although prohibition did not have much of an effect on the consumption of alcohol, the crime rates rose quite quickly and many saw organized crime begin in the country. Many gangs arose in large cities, but in only in Chicago could you find the most powerful gangster, Al Capone. He made millions off of the illegal consumption of alcohol, and although it caused a lot of chaos and disruption, he was giving the people what they wanted. As said by Capone himself, All I do is to supply a public demand †¦ somebody had to throw some liquor on that thirst. Why not me? †. The citizens of the United States yearned for alcohol and Capone gave them what they wanted, but they all suffered the consequences. With gangsters being as powerful as they were at the time, they could influence almost anyone, especially in law enforcement, the court system, and politics. The rate of homicides per 100,000 population was extremely large and the highest it had ever been. During the war, it was around six to seven, during prohibition it was around seven to ten. Although that may seem like a small number, more people were dying because of the want for alcohol. The 18th Amendment and beginning of prohibition dramatically altered the country in ways good and bad, which made it the greatest source of tension during the 1920’s.

An Innocent Man Wronged in Oleanna Essay -- David Mamet

Sometimes there are events in our lives that we cannot control. These events occur, more or less, due to our own actions. Sometimes, however, we must come to terms with our inability to handle certain situations and also to reach our goals. These events are facts of life everyone: some people can't run as fast, or lift as much, or write as well. It is during these times that we must focus on what we can do well, and try to direct our goals around those features that make us good at something. In David Mamet's Oleanna, John loses his job and his house due to Carol's ignorance, lack of self-confidence, and overall inability to come to terms with her own short-comings as a student. This play epitomizes an act of complete degradation based solely on one individual's failure to accept that she just might not be good at school--or at least John's class.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In an attempt to help a young student named Carol, a professor named John loses his house and his job. All of the blame rests on Carol's shoulders, for it was she that allowed her delusions of grandeur and success (being without the necessary skills to attain them) to ruin the life of man who has dedicated his life to helping students do just that. Carol's ignorance plays a big role in this tragedy. From the very beginning of this play, it is apparent that Carol does not understand the information given in class, but it is her unwillingness to even try that makes her at fault. "People who came here. To know something they didn't know†¦To be helped†¦So someone would help them (12)." Carol is begging John to understand that she is stupid. She doesn't want help in the sense that someone might want help writing a paper. She wants it hand fed to her, and education is a process that involves the teacher pointing the way, not carrying someone to the end. Carol' s misconceptions of how college is supposed to work can only be result of not having been exposed to the realities of higher education, but I believe that she just doesn't have the skills she needs to succeed. "Nobody tells me anything. And I sit there†¦in the corner. In the back (14)." This is an example of the total lack of motivation that Carol has to learn. Her ignorance leads her to believe that a college education is supposed to hand fed. She just sits there, in the back, without an attempt to even try to learn on her own. We all need help form time to tim... ...hool. They have lived their lives fearing that the system of education has decided that they are failures. This group has only one goal, and that is to succeed. Their success, however, has a price. Those people who stand in the way re their enemies. John's fate was a result of Carol finding this group, and allowing them to use her as a pawn in their own sick, twisted agenda. All the members of this group suffer from the same illness that ails Carol: ignorance, lack of self-confidence, and an ability to cope with their own shortcomings as students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carol represents a group of people that are the destruction of the higher education system. Their complete disregard for societal structure cost a good teacher his job and his home. It seems that today, when we are unable to get what we want by earning it, we have to destroy and tear down the barriers in our way. This is exactly what Carol does, and the manner in which she executes her plan would leave most students to wonder: why even try? Works Cited Mamet, David. Oleanna: A Play in Two Acts. The Best Plays of 1992-1993. Eds. Otis L. Guernsey, Jr. and Jeffrey Sweet. New York: Limelight, 1993. 150-164

Vestas in Russia

Vestas in Russia Introduction For my exam project in International Business Environment I have chosen to write about the Danish cooperate Vestas Wind Systems A/S (referred to as Vestas throughout the paper). Vestas is the world’s largest producer of wind turbines and in addition to this it is also the leading company when it comes to green technology regarding wind energy . Vestas not only serves the Danish domestic market, but the company is also present on several foreign markets in other parts of Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and North and South America. With over 22. 00 employees spread over 35 countries Vestas is categorized as being a multinational cooperation. As for the market of entry I have chosen The Russian Federation (referred to as Russia throughout the paper). Vestas has not yet entered the Russian market so my exam project will be a hypothetical one. One could question why a global actor like Vestas not already has entered a market with so big opportunities a s Russia, but along with visions for great profit comes the reality of great risks and challenges as well. Russia is a vast market for windmills taking the size of the country and the climate debate into perspective.The country is the fourth largest consumer of electricity in the world , but lack of technology hinder Russia to produce it in a climate friendly way. The relevance of a successor to the Kyoto Protocol is at its highest and Russia has expressed great will to find sustainable solutions for its large electricity consumption. Companies capable of exploiting such market are in position for massive gains. This is however easier said than done. Denmark and Russia differ on several aspects of their countries’ structures and Danish companies planning on doing business in Russia hence carefully have to consider these differences.In this paper I will first describe and motivate the entry strategy of Vestas by using John Dunning’s OLI-framework . In this context I wil l argue why more advanced forms of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) are appropriate for Vestas when entering Russia. Furthermore I will analyze the differences between Vestas’ home market conditions in Denmark, and the conditions of the target market, Russia, regarding adjustments in the marketing mix. To illuminate this section I will use E. Jerome McCarthy’s principle of the four P’s .Lastly I will summarize the above mentioned and discuss the best internationalization strategy for Vestas. Vestas’ competitiveness In order to describe and motivate the entry strategy of Vestas I will outline the advantages based on John H. Dunning’s OLI-framework. Although Vestas already has expanded into many different countries with regards to different culture, political systems and business systems it is not always suitable to use the same entry strategy although the firm is the same in every case. O – Ownership advantage: Vestas’ competitive advan tageThe O in Dunning’s OLI-framework of specific advantages deals with the Ownership advantage. To expand into new markets Vestas has to be in possession of something that gives the company an advantage compared to its competitors. Vestas has a clear ownership advantage first and foremost in form of its technology and know-how. Denmark has exploited wind energy since 1850s with the purpose of making agriculture more efficient. In the beginning of the 1970s the oil crisis influenced Denmark as well, and to avoid another economic breakdown the Danish government searched for an alternative energy industry.Vestas had already done R&D (Research and development) and tried out the construction of windmills since 1971. However they first entered the market in 1979 with a licensed windmill. In the development of the required technology, subsidy from the government and research on RISO (The National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy) has had a vast significance for Vestas, enabling it to play the leading role it does today. Besides the support from the government, Denmark has a highly skilled labor force, which of course also adds to Vests’ ownership advantage.Nevertheless as Lars Andersen (Managing Director of Vestas’ Sales) mentions, it is not only the technology and the skilled employees that give Vestas an ownership advantage: â€Å"However, it also has to do with our ability to deliver on time, the fact that things work from day one, and, in particular, the fact that we fulfill customers’ expectations for a good, reliable return on their investment. In other words, we are not simply selling a wind turbine†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Vestas does not only manufacture and sell the wind turbines, it also provides installation and subsequent after-sales-service, which not many Russian competitors can match.Vestas is, in addition to the above mentioned, a multinational company with more than 30 years of experience and is therefore in a greater position tha n later emerged firms. Vestas is on top of this a world-known and respected brand with focus on quality and is represented in 35 countries spread out all over the world. The company has the largest market share, 24,8% , of the global market, which again places Vestas in a favorable situation when it comes to taking advantage of for instance the experience curve. L – Location advantageThe L in Dunning’s OLI-framework deals with the location advantage. Saying there should be an advantage for Vestas for doing business in Russia as a location for export or more advanced forms of FDI. Russia is geographically an enormous country (covers over 17 million square miles) and includes areas with a very low population density. These areas have great potential for windmill parks and the coastal areas of the Pacific and Arctic Oceans, the vast steppes and the mountains are the areas of highest potential.On the other hand it would also be favorable to place the wind energy system in regions where there is an existing power infrastructure and major industrial consumers. Areas, which fulfill these requirements, are the steppes along the Volga River, the northern Caucasus Mountains and various locations in Siberia including the Chukotka Peninsula in the Magadan region . Chukotka Peninsula is especially to prefer, because of its already existing hydropower stations, which could be used to compensate for the possible intermittent wind power.Another location advantage for Vestas is the fact that the Russian population is the fourth largest consumer of electricity in the world. Hence there is a demand for Vestas’ products and in particular when taking the Russian will to reduce greenhouse emission into consideration. Russia is willing to play an active role regarding the improvement of the global heating problem. The country has already reached its commitment stated in the Kyoto-protocol, but the Russian president Dmitri Medvedev declares that Russia â€Å"wou ld try to reduce greenhouse emissions by 25% by 2020. † The quotation signals a will from the government o find more sustainable solutions for production in Russia, and because Vestas does â€Å"business to business† and â€Å"business to government† commerce, it is of great importance with prospect for government interest and support. In this setting it is worth mentioning that The Ministry of The Russian Federation has published â€Å"The 2020 Energy Strategy†, which describes how to reach the new goal by prioritizing, among other things, ecological energy security through energy policy. In addition to the above-mentioned advantages of Russia as a location for Vestas’ expansion come the possibilities of reducing the overall production costs.As it is with most emerging markets, like Russia, wages are lower than in more developed markets like Denmark. Hence by moving production to Russia Vestas would be able to compete on both quality and price, alt hough their main focus most likely would be on quality . The location advantage is even greater when taking into consideration that there are no real national or international competitive competitors settled in the market yet, hence there is a possibility of a first mover advantage for Vestas as well.Notable is nevertheless also the risk for a first-mover disadvantage in terms of costs and risks when preparing the market for the ‘new’ product. I – Internationalization advantage If Vestas expanded into Russia it would strengthen its position of being â€Å"No. 1 in Modern Energy†, which was Vestas’ slogan before the recent switch to: †Wind. It means the world to us†. Furthermore if Vestas gained the first mover advantage it would give the company control over one of the worlds biggest markets. The internationalization advantage is gained in form of a proper entry mode.The chosen entry mode is of great advantage if it is selected in accord ance to Vestas’ now described ownership advantage and Russia’s location advantages. Vestas’ main ownership advantage is their know-how and technology while the location advantage of Russia primarily are the huge market possibilities and the government’s positive attitude towards renewable energy sources. What remains is, which type of entry mode that exploits both Vestas’ ownership advantage and Russia’s location advantage?Would licensing or exporting be the best-suited entry mode or should Vestas take greater risks and do more advanced FDI? Vestas wants to keep their know-how, but by pursuing a licensing entry mode, spillovers will occur. Vestas would have little control over production, giving possibilities for competitors to emerge and quickly become as efficient as Vestas. Exporting is neither a favorable entry for Vestas. The transportation costs are extremely high, when it comes to the final products. Each piece of the windmill weights approximately 250 tons and thus not suited for export.Other obstacles for the export as an entry mode are the protectionist policies and Russian trade barriers as for instance high tariffs. Vestas would have to pay up to 20% tariff + an additional charge (Value Added Tax) of another 18%, making a total of 38% for exporting its products into Russia. Russia ranks 162 out of 183 countries on the list of ease to do cross border trading with. To compare, Denmark ranks 6 which means that the products produced expensively in Denmark becomes more expensive by being exported to Russia.This situation will of course change if Russia gets its membership in the WTO, but this is not yet achieved. To sum up Vestas needs to move in with plants in Russia and with more advanced FDI to protect its know-how asset and to stay competitive. There are two options for this being either a joint venture or a wholly owned subsidiary. The most obvious solution would be the wholly owned subsidiary, where Vestas could protect its know-how by owning 100 % of the stocks. On the other hand there is a time perspective to consider as well.Siemens, one of Vestas German competitors, have recently announced plans on moving into the Russian market on a large scale . Setting up a wholly owned subsidiary as a green field venture takes a lot of time and the alternative of an acquisition is not an option since Vestas has core values and does not want to take over existing operating routines and enterprise culture. Another aspect, which is important to these considerations, is the fact that corruption and bureaucracy, which makes connections and personal relations very important for success, mark Russian business.Setting up a joint venture with a local firm solves this problem for Vestas, since Vestas would benefit from the partner’s country specific knowledge of culture, language, political systems, business systems and local connections. A joint venture is at the same time a less risky (capital vise) and less time-demanding entry mode, than a wholly owned entry mode, which Vestas needs to take into considerations in order to prevent falling behind Siemens. The major disadvantage of choosing a joint venture is of course the risk of spillover, eading to future competitors. On the other hand it is possible to construct the joint venture to minimize this risk. Vestas needs to engage in a joint venture where it owns the majority of the cooperation and thus is able to remain control. One might argue that it would be difficult to find a company, which would accept to own minority of the joint venture, but taken the undeveloped market into consideration, it should not be a huge problem. There are only a few local firms in the windmill industry in Russia.All of these would most likely be interested in boosting their profit (value creation) and it is not an unattractive offer to join the world leading windmill cooperate in a first mover attempt with prospect of a significant future market share in the Russian market. The joint venture and expansion of Vestas would also have to be on a large scale to be able to capture demand, establish a strong brand name and realize economies of scale. This would no matter what be an ideal opportunity for any local producer in Russia, although they would have to accept Vestas owning the majority of the joint venture.Differences and adjustments There are several aspects where the Russian market conditions differ from the Danish market conditions. These are necessary to look at in order to outline the needed adjustments for Vestas’ marketing mix. Differences in market conditions When comparing Russia and Denmark regarding the ease to do business in, it is very clear that there is a vast gap between the two. According to a survey by The World Bank, Denmark ranks 6 whereas Russia ranks 120 out of 183 countries (1 being the easiest country to do business in).I could therefore point at several diverging market conditions, b ut because of limitations of this paper I have chosen to focus on the following four: Infrastructure, climate, GDP per capita and the level of corruption. One might argue that ‘climate’ is not of great importance when speaking of market conditions, but in my opinion it is a very significance factor in this case concerning the marketing mix, which I will elaborate on in the following section. Infrastructure is important for Vestas when it comes to distribution of the company’s products.When looking at infrastructure in Russia and Denmark the most noteworthy factor is distances and terrain. Russia is the largest country in the world covering 11 time zones and it does not entail deep analysis to conclude that it requires great coordinated logistic to create a well functional infrastructure. This has for several of reasons not yet succeeded for Russia and the country’s infrastructure is hence very fragmented. An uneven terrain with low population density and n ature impediments as rivers and mountains has hindered buildings of proper roads and connections, which have a great influence on Vestas’ ease of doing business.Because of the enormous extent of Russia, the climate varies a lot from the coasts to the mid-country and from the west (Europe side) to the east (Asian side). The temperature fluctuates between the extremes of -65  °C in the winters and +40 °C in the summers. The wind is an important factor to look at in this case as well, because Russia possesses areas with all degrees (categorized as: Low, medium and high) of wind power. The climate differences is thus of great importance regarding Vestas’ product differentiation. Moving focus to the more economic orientated difference in market conditions is the GDP per capita (PPP).Russia’s GDP per capita is low compared to Denmark’s. According to the ranking done by International Monetary Fond, Russia ranks 51 in contrast to Denmark’s ranking as 1 7th . This means that Russian consumers, including the government and large enterprises, have less purchasing power compared to the Danish consumers. Little purchasing power could be an obstacle for Vestas. If consumers don’t have much money to spend, they would most likely not have the mental surplus to think of the environmental dimension by burning fossil fuels.If generating electricity the cheapest and easiest means exploiting fossil fuels, this is what they will do. However higher purchasing power (higher GDP per capita) results in the means to be able to prioritize such things as future global environment. Looking at the energy produced in Russia, over 60% of the electricity generated is based on gas- and coal power whereas less than 1% of the electricity generated is based on renewable energy production . In contrast stands Denmark, where wind power alone in 2008 generated 18,9% of the Danish electricity demand .The growth in GDP per capita in Russia was before the eco nomic crisis, around 7-8% . This is promising for Vestas as a continuous high growth in GDP per capita means a more developed economy, higher purchasing power and therefore increased interest in products like the ones Vestas offers. The fourth difference I have chosen to outline is the high level of corruption in Russia. Russia ranks number 146, whereas Denmark ranks number 2 (1 being the less corrupt) in the Corruption Perceptions Index (2009) made by Transparency International.Vestas has no power to end corruption by itself, so instead it should focus on how to deal with it in business situations. Adjustments in marketing mix: The four P’s I will use E. Jerome McCarthy’s principle of the four P’s: Place, Product, Price and Promotion to analyze the needed adjustments for Vestas’ marketing mix. The four differences (infrastructure, climate, energy production and level of corruption) described in the previous section are all differences that affect these a djustments. The †p† concerning the place (distribution) deals with how to get the product to the consumer.It would be obvious to discuss adjustments to retail concentration, channel length, channel exclusivity and channel quality, but selling Vestas’ products is not like selling jeans or other regular consumer goods. There is no distribution channel, or at least it is very short, because Vestas sells directly to the customer, being government or large enterprises. However the undeveloped infrastructure, as outlined as a big difference between the Danish market conditions and the Russian market conditions, is of great importance for Vestas’ delivery to its customers.Vestas’ products require stable roads (due to heavy weight and size) and connections to the best set-up areas. The infrastructure is best around Moscow and St. Petersburg, due to big business, but this is not necessarily the best location for Vestas’ production. As mentioned before the best set-up areas are the vast steppes along the Volga River, the Caucasus Mountains and locations in Siberia. In Denmark Vestas can easily get around to all parts of the country, but Russia’s huge distances and the uneven terrain in many areas do acquire adjustments.Vestas carefully have to reconsider where to place the facilities of production to minimize transportation costs, and not to forget, maximize availability. This might require compromises in form of set-ups in optimal and less optimal wind areas. To do this Vestas has to deliver wind turbines that also are able to exploit the low winds and Vestas thus has to adjust its products to the Russian climate conditions. Other adjustments are necessary for the turbines to manage the before mentioned freezing winters with temperatures down to -65  °C and the hot summers with temperatures up to +40 °C.The turbines should be able to function all year round to be attractive to customers. Vestas has to differentiate the turbines to match these standards compared to the standards in Denmark, where weather conditions don’t differ as much. In other words, Vestas’ product differentiation is necessary to encounter pressure for local responsiveness and thus reach its customers. The customer segment that Vestas tries to reach is a narrow segment consisting of the government and maybe a few other large enterprises, which would be interested in promoting a green profile.The government and the large businesses would, as most customers, be concerned about price. To match Russia’s rank regarding the low GDP per capita, Vestas would have to make an adjustment in form of lower prices. Price is however not the main focus for Vestas . Quality and safety is their top priority, but of course they would be able to take advantage of the lower labor costs in Russia and thus lower the overall production costs. Vestas could however use strategic pricing in form of experience curve pricing to gain ma rket share and relations to the large customers before competitors emerge.This could be rewarding because of the promising growth in Russia’s GDP per capita, which presents better future market conditions for Vestas’ products. Vestas should at the same time stress that setting up windmills is an investment that might require lots of capital as a starting point, but in the long-term perspective it would be worth it. Today Russia is self-sufficient in terms of energy . However the supply of fossil fuels is diminishing and the demand for it is increasing. Investing in wind power would be a possible way for Russia to stay self-sufficient in the future.Left remains the question of how to communicate all this to Vestas’ customers? When choosing a promotion strategy Vestas has to adjust its approach to the above described high level of corruption. One way of doing this is by having the right connections; knowing the right people. As previous mentioned I would suggest V estas to pursue an entry mode of a joint venture and thereby gain the advantage of local relationships, which could help Vestas to get around the bureaucracy. On the other hand it is of paramount importance that Vestas ‘stay clean’.If Vestas in any way gets associated with any form for corruption, it will have tremendous consequences not only for the domestic market, but also for the global market that Vestas operates in. In accordance to the entry mode I would suggest Vestas to practice a push strategy. It would be a waste of resources to communicate through mass media to vast private consumer segments, to which Vestas’ products have no interest. Vestas’ communication should be directly orientated at the small customer segment, previous outlined.Personal selling, exploiting the local partner’s ability to speak the local language, perhaps supported by additional informative products to be handed out and an enlightening webpage is the best way for Ve stas to reach its potential customers. Vestas’ internationalization strategy In the last part of this paper I will sum up and describe the best internationalization strategy for Vestas when entering the Russian market. Throughout the paper I have concluded that now is a good time for Vestas to enter the Russian market, because of prospects for government interest and support and no real competitors settled in the market yet.Hence Vestas has an opportunity for a first-mover advantage, but only if they enter the market on a large scale. Entering on a large scale is associated with greater risks and costs, but taken the growth in GDP per capita and the decreasing amount of fossil fuels into considerations, it is most likely that Vestas in the long-term perspective will secure massive gains from having established the contacts and its own brand in an early phase.I have already argued that I find a joint venture the most appropriate form of entry mode for Vestas. Forming a joint v enture with the right partner, a partner that has agreed to Vestas’ way of doing business e. g. no corruption, is the best way to remain in control, but still benefit from local knowledge, which is of great value because of the different market conditions compared to Denmark. Due to these different market conditions, Vestas also has to adjust its marketing mix.The most important adjustments would be: Reconsideration of production locations concerning infrastructure impediments, product differentiation and the use of a push communication strategy with help from the chosen partner’s local advantages. There is no doubt about the difficulties a global actor faces. A company like Vestas carefully needs to consider every aspect of a business opportunity to prepare for an expansion into a new market.Vestas operates all over the world where it has to respond to pressures for local responsiveness and pressures for cost reductions. There is a pressure for local responsiveness in Russia due to the geography and the political system. The question is, if this pressure is low or high? I would categorize it as being in between. The pressure is not low since the expansion requires considerable adjustments in the marketing mix, but the pressure is on the other hand neither as high as pressure for local responsiveness for e. g. lothes or cars. Concerning the pressure for cost reduction it is necessary to take a look at Vestas competitors in the Russian market. At the time being, there are not many, but as mentioned before Siemens is planning on moving in. In addition to this, many Asian competitors have emerged in China as well and might constitute future competition. I would therefore say that pressure for cost reduction in Russia at the time being is low, but in the near future this pressure will definitely increase due to the above explained.Vestas could enter with a location strategy or an international strategy, in accordance to the low pressure for local res ponsiveness, but if the company wants to prepare itself to face upcoming aggressive competitors it might be strategic wise to enter with a transnational strategy already at this point. Pursuing such strategy will as well benefit the information flow between Vestas subsidiaries and between the subsidiaries and the home country, which is necessary for sharing one of Vestas’ core competences: know-how.If Vestas not only is able to take advantage of the outlined possibilities but at the same time adjust and respond to the described impediments, it has great opportunities to grasp large profits and at the same time remain competitive in perspective of the Russian market as well as the global market. References The paper is based on classes in International Business Environment plus the beneath listed Book: Hill Charles WL, International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace, 8th edition